Standard Wall Stud Lengths: A DIY Guide for US Homes

The backbone of any US home's structural integrity relies significantly on its framing, where the standard wall stud length plays a pivotal role. The International Residential Code (IRC) sets forth guidelines that often influence the selection of these studs to ensure safety and compliance. For most residential projects, lumberyards provide studs in common dimensions, but understanding the precise requirements is essential, especially when customizing spaces, like finishing a basement. Many DIYers often use tools, such as a stud finder, to locate existing studs, but must know the correct standard wall stud length when installing new walls.

Framing Your Knowledge: Understanding Wall Studs

Wall framing forms the very skeleton of your home. It's a critical stage in construction, and understanding its fundamentals is essential for any DIY homeowner considering renovations or new builds.

Wall studs are the vertical structural members within those frames. They provide the support necessary for walls to stand strong and bear loads.

Using the correct stud length isn't just about aesthetics; it's paramount for structural integrity, safety, and compliance with local building codes. Incorrect lengths can compromise the entire structure.

Why Wall Framing Matters

Framing provides the basic shape and support for your walls, ceilings, and roof. It's the foundation upon which all other elements – insulation, drywall, electrical wiring – are built. A well-framed wall ensures stability and longevity.

Tailored for the DIY Homeowner

This guide is specifically designed for DIY homeowners. We aim to provide the knowledge needed to approach wall stud selection and installation confidently.

This is regardless of whether it's a simple renovation project or a more ambitious undertaking.

Safety and Code Compliance: Non-Negotiable

Safety is always the top priority. Wall framing is not just about putting up walls. It's about creating a safe and secure living environment.

Adhering to local building codes is equally crucial. These codes are in place to ensure structures meet minimum safety standards and are designed to protect occupants.

Familiarize yourself with local regulations before starting any framing project. Ignoring them can lead to costly corrections and potential safety hazards.

The Crucial Role of Stud Length

The length of your wall studs directly impacts the structural integrity of your walls. Too short, and the wall won't be properly supported; too long, and it can create unnecessary stress points.

Correct stud lengths ensure that loads are evenly distributed. This prevents sagging, cracking, and other structural issues.

Furthermore, building codes often specify minimum stud sizes and spacing based on the wall's height and load-bearing requirements. Proper length is inherently linked to these standards.

When to Call in the Pros

While this guide aims to empower DIYers, it's important to recognize when a project is beyond your skill level. Framing can be complex, especially when dealing with load-bearing walls or intricate designs.

Don't hesitate to consult with a qualified carpenter or contractor if you feel overwhelmed or uncertain. Professional assistance can ensure the job is done safely and correctly, providing peace of mind.

Sometimes, it's simply wiser to let the pros handle it.

Wall Studs 101: The Foundation of Your Walls

Framing your knowledge of wall studs starts with grasping their essential role. Think of them as the vertical pillars holding up the walls of your house. Understanding their function, dimensions, spacing, and materials is paramount for any successful DIY framing project. Let's delve into the core principles.

What is a Wall Stud and Why is it Important?

A wall stud is a vertical framing member, usually made of lumber, that forms the structural backbone of a wall. They bear the load of the wall and anything attached to it, such as drywall, siding, and fixtures.

Without properly installed studs, your walls would lack the necessary support, leading to potential structural failures, and safety hazards. Therefore, understanding their function is the first step in ensuring a safe and sound build.

Standard Dimensions and Wall Height Considerations

While lengths vary, standard stud dimensions directly relate to common wall heights. For instance, for typical 8-foot walls, studs are often pre-cut to 92 5/8 inches.

This allows for the thickness of the top and bottom plates (typically 1 1/2 inches each) to achieve the desired wall height. Understanding these dimensions is crucial when planning your project.

For 9-foot walls, the stud length will, of course, need to be longer. Consulting with lumberyards or experienced contractors is recommended to confirm exact measurements for specific wall heights to maintain compliance with building codes.

The Importance of Accurate Measurement

Accurate measurements are non-negotiable in framing. A high-quality tape measure is your best friend in this process. Always double-check your measurements before cutting any lumber to minimize errors and waste.

Consistency is key to ensuring that the studs fit snugly between the top and bottom plates, creating a plumb and square wall.

Small errors can accumulate quickly, leading to structural problems down the line. So, "measure twice, cut once" isn't just a saying, it's a framing mantra.

Understanding On-Center Spacing (OC)

The term "on-center" (OC) refers to the distance from the center of one stud to the center of the next. Common spacing is either 16 inches or 24 inches OC. The choice depends on the building codes and the load-bearing requirements of the wall.

16-inch OC spacing provides more support and is often preferred for exterior walls or walls that will support heavy loads. 24-inch OC spacing is typically acceptable for interior, non-load-bearing walls.

Always consult local building codes to determine the correct spacing for your project. Deviating from these guidelines can compromise the structural integrity of your walls.

Choosing the Right Lumber

The type of lumber used for wall studs significantly impacts the strength and stability of your walls. Softwoods like Spruce, Pine, and Fir (SPF) are commonly used.

The grade of lumber also matters. Look for lumber graded as "stud" or "standard" for optimal performance. Ensure that the lumber is straight, free from excessive knots, and properly dried to prevent warping or twisting.

Pressure-treated lumber may be required for studs in contact with concrete or near moisture-prone areas. Always select the appropriate lumber type to meet both structural requirements and local building codes.

Building Blocks: Essential Components of a Wall Frame

Wall Studs 101: The Foundation of Your Walls Framing your knowledge of wall studs starts with grasping their essential role. Think of them as the vertical pillars holding up the walls of your house. Understanding their function, dimensions, spacing, and materials is paramount for any successful DIY framing project. Let's delve into the core principles and understand the essential components, working our way through the bottom and top plates, and crucial concepts like being plumb and square.

The Sole Plate: Anchoring Your Wall

The bottom plate, often referred to as the sole plate, serves as the foundational anchor of your wall. It's the horizontal piece of lumber that sits directly on the subfloor, providing a secure base for the studs.

Its primary function is to distribute the weight of the wall evenly across the floor, preventing concentrated stress on any single point.

Proper installation of the sole plate is critical. It should be securely fastened to the subfloor using nails or screws, ensuring it's straight and aligned with the layout markings.

Any imperfections here will translate upwards, affecting the entire wall's integrity. It's a must-do to ensure correct alignment and secure fastening, setting the stage for a structurally sound wall.

The Top Plate: Unifying the Structure

The top plate, typically consisting of two layers of lumber (double top plate), mirrors the function of the sole plate at the top of the wall. It ties all the studs together, creating a unified structure that can bear loads from above, like the roof or upper floors.

The top plate also provides a nailing surface for attaching ceiling joists or rafters, further integrating the wall into the overall building framework.

Connection to the studs is paramount. Nails or screws should be driven through the top plate and into the top of each stud, ensuring a strong, continuous connection.

This connection enables efficient load distribution throughout the framing. This is what defines the structural integrity of your construction.

Plumb and Square: The Cornerstones of Quality Framing

Understanding Plumb

"Plumb" refers to a perfectly vertical line, essential for ensuring that your walls stand straight and true. Using a level to check for plumb is crucial during stud installation.

Any deviation from plumb can result in walls that lean, creating aesthetic and structural problems down the line. Regularly checking for plumb as you attach each stud will save you headaches later on.

The Importance of Being Square

"Square" refers to a perfect 90-degree angle. Ensuring that your walls are square is vital for creating rooms with clean, even corners.

Using a framing square or the 3-4-5 rule to check for square during layout and assembly is key. Walls that are not square can cause problems with fitting doors, windows, and trim.

Prioritize accuracy and precision, using these principles as a framework to set you up for success.

The Role of Skilled Craftsmanship

While DIY projects can be rewarding, understanding the role of professional carpenters and framers is crucial.

These skilled tradespeople possess the knowledge and experience to ensure that your walls are not only aesthetically pleasing but also structurally sound and compliant with local building codes.

They have a deep understanding of load-bearing principles, proper fastening techniques, and the intricacies of framing complex structures.

When in doubt, or when dealing with load-bearing walls or complex designs, don't hesitate to consult with a professional. Their expertise can provide invaluable peace of mind.

Calculating the Perfect Fit: Stud Length and Wall Height

Now that you understand the fundamental components of a wall frame, the next crucial step is determining the correct stud length. This calculation is essential for achieving the desired wall height while maintaining structural integrity. The goal is precision.

The Foundation of Accurate Measurement

Calculating the ideal stud length is not merely a matter of subtracting a fixed number from your target wall height; it's about understanding the relationship between all the elements. This involves not only the desired wall height but also the thickness of the top and bottom plates that will cap and secure the studs.

Ignoring these elements can lead to walls that are either too short or too tall, resulting in costly rework and potential structural problems.

Accounting for Top and Bottom Plates

The top and bottom plates, typically made of the same lumber as the studs (e.g., 2x4s), contribute to the overall height of the wall assembly. Standard 2x4 lumber actually measures 1.5 inches in thickness.

Therefore, the combined thickness of the top and bottom plates will be 3 inches. This 3-inch allowance is a critical factor in determining the correct stud length.

The Formula for Success

The formula for calculating stud length is straightforward:

Stud Length = Desired Wall Height - (Top Plate Thickness + Bottom Plate Thickness)

Or, more concisely:

Stud Length = Desired Wall Height - 3 inches (when using standard 2x4 plates)

Practical Examples for Standard Wall Heights

Let's apply this formula to common wall heights to solidify your understanding.

Calculating for an 8-Foot Wall

An 8-foot wall is a standard choice in many residential constructions. Eight feet translates to 96 inches.

Using our formula:

Stud Length = 96 inches - 3 inches = 93 inches

Therefore, for an 8-foot wall, the studs should be cut to 93 inches.

Calculating for a 9-Foot Wall

If you're aiming for a more spacious feel with 9-foot ceilings (108 inches), the calculation changes accordingly:

Stud Length = 108 inches - 3 inches = 105 inches

For a 9-foot wall, your studs should be 105 inches long.

Beyond Standard Heights

These principles extend to any custom wall height you might desire. Simply substitute the desired height (converted to inches) into the formula to determine the precise stud length. Accuracy is key to ensure a level and structurally sound wall.

Seeking Expert Advice

While the calculation itself is simple, unique construction scenarios or complex architectural plans may require additional expertise. If you're unsure about any aspect of the process, consulting with experienced contractors or lumberyard professionals is always a wise decision. They can provide tailored advice and ensure your project meets all necessary building codes and safety standards.

Framing Around Openings: Doors and Windows

Now that you understand the fundamental components of a wall frame, the next crucial step is handling openings for doors and windows. Proper framing around these openings ensures structural integrity and allows for smooth installation of doors and windows. This involves understanding rough openings, cripple studs, and the all-important header.

Understanding Rough Openings

The rough opening is the framed opening in a wall that is slightly larger than the actual door or window unit being installed. Think of it as the "raw" space before the finished product is placed. This extra space allows for shimming and adjustments, ensuring the door or window is plumb, level, and square within the opening.

• Calculating Rough Opening Dimensions: The rough opening size is typically specified by the door or window manufacturer. Always refer to the manufacturer's specifications for accurate dimensions. These specifications will account for the frame of the door or window and the necessary shimming space.

• Importance of Accuracy: Inaccurate rough openings can lead to significant installation problems. Too small, and the unit won't fit. Too large, and you may struggle to properly shim and secure the door or window.

The Role of Cripple Studs

Cripple studs are short, non-load-bearing studs used above and below openings. They provide support for the wall sheathing and distribute the load from the header or sill to the surrounding framing.

• Placement Below the Opening: Cripple studs below a window (or occasionally a door) sit on top of the sill and run down to the bottom plate.

• Placement Above the Opening: Cripple studs above a door or window are positioned between the header and the top plate.

• Spacing: Maintain consistent on-center spacing with the rest of the wall studs when placing cripple studs. This ensures a uniform nailing surface for the wall sheathing.

Headers: Supporting the Load

The header is a horizontal structural member that spans the top of a door or window opening. Its primary function is to carry the load from the wall above the opening to the surrounding studs. Without a properly sized header, the wall could sag or even collapse.

• Header Size and Material: The size and material of the header depend on the width of the opening and the load it needs to support. Wider openings and load-bearing walls require larger, stronger headers.

• Common Header Materials: Headers are typically constructed from dimensional lumber, often doubled or tripled up and fastened together. Engineered lumber, such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL), is also frequently used for its superior strength and stability.

• Load Considerations: Always consult local building codes or a structural engineer to determine the appropriate header size for your specific application, particularly in load-bearing walls.

Impact on Door and Window Installation

Precise stud placement significantly impacts how smoothly doors and windows can be installed. A well-framed opening makes the installation process straightforward, while a poorly framed opening can lead to headaches and compromises.

• Ensuring Plumb and Square: Double-check that the rough opening is plumb (perfectly vertical) and square (corners are at 90 degrees) before installing the door or window. This ensures the unit will operate correctly and seal properly.

• Shimming: Use shims to fine-tune the fit of the door or window within the rough opening. Shims are thin, tapered pieces of wood that are inserted between the frame and the studs.

• Fastening: Secure the door or window frame to the surrounding studs with appropriate fasteners, following the manufacturer's instructions.

By carefully considering these factors, you can confidently frame openings for doors and windows, creating structurally sound and aesthetically pleasing walls.

Tooling Up: Cutting Studs with Precision

Framing around openings: Doors and Windows Now that you understand the fundamental components of a wall frame, the next crucial step is handling openings for doors and windows. Proper framing around these openings ensures structural integrity and allows for smooth installation of doors and windows. This involves understanding rough openings, cripple studs, and headers, all requiring precise cuts for seamless integration.

Essential Tools for Precision Cuts

Accurate cuts are the bedrock of any solid framing project. Having the right tools not only streamlines the process but also ensures the consistent accuracy that defines professional-grade work.

Here's a breakdown of must-have tools:

• Circular Saw or Miter Saw: A circular saw is versatile for on-site cuts, while a miter saw excels at precise angle and repeatable cuts. Choose based on your project's complexity and your preference for mobility vs. accuracy.
• Tape Measure: Forget estimations; precision is paramount. A quality tape measure with clear markings is non-negotiable.
• Pencil: For marking cut lines clearly and accurately. A carpenter's pencil offers a robust lead for marking on lumber.
• Speed Square: This tool ensures your cuts are square and accurate. It's invaluable for marking consistent lines and angles.
• Safety Glasses: Safety first, always. Protect your eyes from sawdust and debris.
• Ear Protection: Prolonged exposure to saw noise can damage your hearing. Invest in quality earplugs or earmuffs.

While a nail gun or hammer will be crucial in the next phase (installing studs), for cutting, the above tools are the core necessities.

Step-by-Step Guide to Accurate Stud Cutting

Cutting studs accurately is more than just slicing wood; it's about ensuring the structural integrity of your wall. Follow these steps for repeatable precision:

1. Measure: Double-check your measurements. Measure the required stud length from your plans or calculations.
2. Mark: Use your tape measure and pencil to mark the cut line clearly on the stud. Use your speed square to ensure it's perfectly square.
3. Secure: Place the stud securely on your saw stand or workbench. Prevent movement during the cut.
4. Cut: Carefully align your saw blade with the marked line. Maintain a steady hand and smooth motion. Avoid forcing the saw.
5. Inspect: After the cut, inspect the stud to ensure it matches the required length and the cut is square.

Pro Tip: Cut slightly long and then trim if necessary to achieve the exact length. It's easier to remove material than to add it back!

Achieving Consistent Cuts for Uniform Walls

Consistency is key to a professional-looking and structurally sound wall. Inconsistent stud lengths can lead to uneven walls.

Here’s how to achieve uniformity:

• Batch Cutting: Set up a stop block on your miter saw to cut multiple studs to the same length quickly and accurately.
• Quality Lumber: Use lumber from the same batch, if possible, to minimize variations in size and moisture content.
• Regular Checks: Periodically check your measurements and cuts to ensure your saw hasn't drifted off alignment.
• Labeling: Label cut studs with their length to avoid confusion during installation.

Where to Acquire Your Cutting Essentials

You can find these essential tools and materials at a variety of retailers:

• Lumberyards/Home Improvement Stores: These are your primary sources for lumber and basic tools. Look for quality lumber and reputable tool brands.
• Framing Supply Stores: These specialty stores often carry a wider selection of framing-specific tools and materials. They may offer expert advice as well.
• Online Retailers: Online marketplaces can offer competitive prices, but be mindful of shipping costs and return policies.

Before making any purchases, research and compare prices to ensure you're getting the best value for your money. Invest in quality tools; they will last longer and provide more accurate results.

By equipping yourself with the right tools and mastering the art of accurate cutting, you'll set the foundation for a successful and structurally sound framing project.

Tooling Up: Cutting Studs with Precision Framing around openings: Doors and Windows

Now that you've mastered the art of cutting studs with precision, and understand how to frame around openings, it's time to transition to the construction phase. Proper installation is paramount to ensuring a structurally sound and aesthetically pleasing wall. Let's delve into the correct methods for installing your meticulously prepared wall studs.

From Cut to Construction: Installing Wall Studs Correctly

Installing wall studs correctly is more than just slapping lumber together. It's about creating a strong, stable, and plumb wall that will stand the test of time. This requires attention to detail, adherence to best practices, and a commitment to doing the job right.

Attaching Studs to the Bottom and Top Plates: The Foundation and Capstone

The bottom plate, often called the sole plate, and the top plate are the anchors for your studs. Attaching the studs securely to these plates is fundamental to the wall's overall stability.

First, ensure your bottom and top plates are properly positioned and secured to the floor and ceiling, respectively. Accuracy in plate placement is crucial for a straight and square wall.

Next, align each stud carefully with its designated mark on both the bottom and top plates. Use a nail gun or hammer and nails to fasten the stud securely.

Drive nails at an angle (toe-nailing) for increased holding power. This creates a stronger connection that resists movement and stress. Aim for at least three nails per connection point.

Maintaining Correct On-Center Spacing: Consistency is Key

On-center (OC) spacing refers to the distance between the center of one stud and the center of the next. Common OC spacings are 16 inches and 24 inches. Maintaining consistent OC spacing is vital for even load distribution and proper drywall or sheathing installation.

Use your tape measure to carefully mark the location of each stud on both the bottom and top plates, adhering to your chosen OC spacing. Double-check your measurements to avoid costly errors.

During installation, ensure each stud is aligned with its corresponding marks on both plates. This will guarantee consistent and accurate spacing throughout the wall.

Ensuring Studs are Plumb: Achieving Vertical Perfection

A plumb stud is perfectly vertical, forming a 90-degree angle with the floor and ceiling. Plumb studs are essential for a straight and true wall.

Use a level to check each stud for plumb as you install it. Place the level against the side of the stud and adjust the stud until the bubble is centered within the level's vials.

Small adjustments can make a big difference in the overall straightness of your wall. Shim the base of the stud if necessary to achieve perfect plumb.

Once the stud is plumb, temporarily brace it in place to prevent it from shifting while you secure it. A simple 2x4 nailed diagonally across the studs will do the trick.

Securing Studs with Nails or Screws: Strength and Stability

The final step in installing wall studs is to secure them with nails or screws. While nails are traditionally used for framing, screws offer superior holding power and are less likely to loosen over time.

Use galvanized nails or screws to prevent corrosion, especially in damp environments.

Drive nails or screws at regular intervals along the length of the stud, ensuring they penetrate deeply into both the stud and the plates.

Consider using construction adhesive in addition to nails or screws for added strength and rigidity. Apply a bead of adhesive to the stud before attaching it to the plates.

By following these guidelines, you can confidently install wall studs that are strong, plumb, and ready to support your home for years to come.

Beyond the Basics: Advanced Considerations and Load-Bearing Walls

Framing a wall seems straightforward, but a deeper understanding separates competent DIYers from those who might compromise their home's structural integrity. Moving beyond basic techniques means grappling with load-bearing walls, building codes, and when to call in the pros. Let's explore these advanced considerations.

Load-Bearing Walls: Identifying and Understanding Their Importance

One of the most critical distinctions in wall framing is whether a wall is load-bearing or not. Load-bearing walls are structural superheroes; they carry the weight of the roof, upper floors, and even other walls down to the foundation. Removing or altering them without proper support is a recipe for disaster.

Non-load-bearing walls, on the other hand, primarily serve to divide space and support only their own weight.

So, how do you tell the difference? Generally, walls running perpendicular to floor joists or roof rafters are more likely to be load-bearing. However, this is not a definitive rule. Consulting architectural plans or seeking professional advice is crucial for accurate identification.

Consequences of Improper Load-Bearing Wall Modification

Never underestimate the potential consequences of modifying a load-bearing wall without proper support. Sagging ceilings, cracked walls, and even structural collapse are real possibilities. Don't take the risk; when in doubt, consult a structural engineer.

The Unseen Enforcer: Building Codes and Their Impact

Building codes are the unsung heroes of safe construction. They dictate everything from stud size and spacing to nailing patterns, ensuring structural integrity and safety.

These codes aren't arbitrary; they're based on extensive research and engineering principles. Ignoring them can lead to failed inspections, costly rework, and, more importantly, unsafe living conditions.

Navigating Code Requirements

Building codes vary by locality, so it's essential to check with your local building department before starting any framing project. Pay close attention to requirements for stud size, spacing (typically 16" or 24" on-center), and the types of fasteners allowed.

Knowing When to Call in the Cavalry: Consulting Professionals

While DIY projects can be rewarding, some tasks are best left to the experts. Framing, especially when dealing with load-bearing walls or complex designs, often falls into this category.

Don't hesitate to consult with a qualified carpenter, framer, or structural engineer. Their expertise can save you time, money, and potential headaches down the road.

Red Flags: When Professional Help is Essential

Here are some situations where professional assistance is highly recommended:

• You're unsure whether a wall is load-bearing.
• You're planning to alter a load-bearing wall.
• Your project involves unconventional designs or structural elements.
• You're unfamiliar with local building codes.

Unique Designs, Special Considerations

Not all walls are created equal. Arched walls, walls with large window expanses, or those incorporated into complex rooflines require special attention. These designs often necessitate custom framing techniques, engineered lumber, and closer stud spacing to maintain structural integrity.

Consult with professionals experienced in these specialized builds. The extra planning and care will ensure that your project has both beauty and longevity.

Avoiding Pitfalls: Common Mistakes and How to Steer Clear

Framing a wall seems straightforward, but a deeper understanding separates competent DIYers from those who might compromise their home's structural integrity. Moving beyond basic techniques means grappling with potential errors and knowing how to avoid them. Let's explore these common pitfalls and equip you with the knowledge to steer clear.

The Peril of Imprecise Measurements

Accurate measurements are the bedrock of any successful framing project. Even a slight miscalculation can compound, leading to walls that are out of square or studs that don't align correctly. This isn't just an aesthetic issue; it can impact the integrity of your entire structure.

Always double-check your measurements. Don't rely on a single reading. Measure twice (or even three times) and cut once. This simple adage can save you considerable time, money, and frustration.

The Importance of On-Center Spacing

Consistent stud spacing is essential for distributing weight evenly and providing adequate support for wall coverings. Adhering to On-Center Spacing (OC) guidelines is not merely a suggestion; it's a crucial element of structural soundness.

Whether you're using 16" OC or 24" OC spacing, ensure that each stud is precisely positioned. Deviations from these standards can create weak points in your wall, making it susceptible to sagging or even collapse over time. Use a measuring tape and mark the stud locations clearly before beginning assembly.

The Unforgiving Nature of Plumb

A wall that isn't plumb is a wall that will cause problems down the line. Ensuring your studs are perfectly vertical is non-negotiable. It affects everything from the appearance of your finished walls to the proper installation of doors and windows.

Use a level regularly throughout the framing process. Don't assume that a stud is plumb simply because it looks straight. Rely on the accuracy of your tools to guide you. Shim studs if necessary to achieve perfect verticality.

Building Codes: Your Guiding Light

Overlooking building codes is a common mistake that can have serious consequences. Local regulations dictate everything from stud size and spacing to the types of fasteners you can use. Ignoring these codes can result in costly rework, fines, or even legal action.

Before starting your project, take the time to research and understand the applicable building codes in your area. Consult with your local building department or hire a qualified inspector to ensure that your framing meets all requirements. This step could save you time and money in the long run.

A Word of Caution: Job Site Lore vs. Best Practices

Construction sites and job sites may provide many useful lessons to learn from more experienced professionals, but beware of potentially flawed practices that can cause mistakes.

Relying on "rules of thumb" or shortcuts passed down through generations of builders could be the wrong approach. Job sites are often governed by best-practices and flawed methodologies that should be re-evaluated and adapted to the homeowner's unique situation.

Caution about relying on potentially flawed Job Sites/Construction Sites requires a vigilant approach. Always double-check and verify the quality of your source of information.

So, there you have it! Everything you need to know about choosing the right standard wall stud length for your next project. Armed with this knowledge, you're well on your your way to a successful DIY build! Good luck, and happy building!